Haiti: Facts & Stats

Demographics

Population:

Population: 10,033,000 inhabitants (2009)
Density: 361.5 inhabitants per sq. km

The five largest cities are:

1. Port-au-Prince 1,234,742
2. Carrefour 442,156
3. Delmas 382,920
4. Cap-Haïtien 134,815
5. Pétionville 108,227

Welfare:

The government provides pensions to some retired public officials and military officers, but it doesn’t guarantee them to civil servants. A social-insurance system for employees of industrial, commercial, and agricultural firms provides pensions at age fifty-five, after twenty years of service, and compensation for total incapacity, after fifteen years of service.

A system of work-injury benefits also covers private and public employees, providing partial or total disability compensation. These programs are administered by the Ministry of Social Affairs.

Education:

Education levels in Haiti are extremely low. Haiti’s literacy rate of about 53 percent (55 percent for males and 51 percent for females) falls well below the 90 percent average literacy rate for Latin American and Caribbean countries. Under President Aristide, some improvements have been made. In 1997 the government passed a 10-year education plan, with the goal of universal access to quality schools.

Additionally, in 2002 the government began a literacy campaign, facilitated by 30,000 literacy monitors and the distribution of 700,000 literacy manuals. Overall, school attendance rose from 20 percent in 1994 to 64 percent in 2000.

Even with these improvements, however, the country still faces severe shortages in educational supplies and qualified teachers, and the rural population remains vastly underrepresented in the country’s classrooms. Currently, most Haitian schools are private rather than state-funded. International private schools (run by Canada, France, or the United States) and church-run schools educate 90 percent of students.

Religion:

For many years Roman Catholicism was the official religion of Haiti. In many ways Roman Catholicism retains a position of honor, but Haitians are guaranteed the freedom to practice all religions by the constitution. According to 1998 estimates, Roman Catholics represent about 80% of the population. Most of the remainder belongs to various Protestant denominations, the largest being the Baptist (10%) and Pentecostal (4%) churches.

Other significant denominations include Methodists, Episcopalians, Jehovah's Witnesses, Mormons, Adventists, and Orthodox. Other religious groups include Jews, Muslims, Rastafarians, and Baha'is. Voodoo, a traditional religion partially derived from West African beliefs, is still widely practiced, often in tandem with Christianity. Voodoo became an officially recognized church in 2001 with the establishment of the Eglise Voudou d'Ayiti (the Voodoo Church of Haiti) and has had a growing attendance since then.

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